LAB MANUAL The resonance tube experiment works on the principle of acoustic resonance and the formation of longitudinal stationary (standing) waves in a closed air column. When a vibrating tuning fork is held over the open end, sound waves travel down and reflect off the water surface, creating a loud, amplified sound if the natural frequency of the air column matches the frequency of the fork.
Core Physics Concepts
Resonance: Maximum sound amplification happens when the forced frequency of the tuning fork equals the natural frequency of the enclosed air column.
Nodes and Antinodes: A displacement node (zero particle motion) forms at the closed water surface, while a displacement antinode (maximum particle motion) forms near the open top of the tube.
Wavelength Relation: As you change the length (L) of the air column, resonance occurs at odd multiples of a quarter-wavelength LEMDA/4
